Mechanical movement.



. L. GREEN C. H. WILLIAMS.

MECHAWCAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29| |911- i PL. lrfmged Jim.. 21, MHS).

I. l.. GREEN & C. HfWILIMS.

111156111111011 MOVEMENT. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28, |91?.

11,291,845. Patent-@d Jan. 21, 1919.

4 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

e'. @ab Y T. GREEN C. H. WLLEMS.

MECHANICAL MVEMENT.

APPLICATION man MAR. 2,9. Ism.

4 SHEETS-SHEET S.

T. L. GREEN @I C. H. WILLIAMS. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29. I9I7.

21,291,845. PfIIenIed Jan. 21, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

mx anis runs m, man: umg. nunmal. n r.

.1 FFCE.

THOMAS L. GREEN AND CHARLES H. WILLIAMS, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

Application filed March 29, 1917. Serial No. 158,48.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS L. GREEN and CHARLES H. WILLIAMS, bothcitizens of the United States, and residents of Indianapolis, Indiana,have invented an Improvement in Mechanical Movements, of which thefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, isa specification, like characters on the drawings representing likeparts. l

Our invention relates to mechanical movements, and among other objectsprovides a mechanism whereby curvilinear motion may -be transformed to amovement of translation at a uniform rate of speed. The invention mayeffectively be used in connection with machines or devices wherein anysubstance, object or material is cut, stamped or otherwise treated whilebeing fed through the machine or device, although the invention is notrestricted to such use. While the nature of the material operated upondoes not in any manner limit or determine the utility of our invention,the illustrative embodiment we have shown is particularly applicable tomachines or devices for handling plastic, semi-plastic or doughlikematerials such for example as 'employed in the making of bricks,tiles,biscuits, etc. This embodiment of our invention has specialapplicability to machines of this class wherein the plastic orsemi-plastic material is longitudinally fed in a strip or sheet beneathdies or cutters arranged to act in a generally vertical direction,stamping or cutting the plastic material into desired shapes orimpressing it with desired characters.

In the present art these machines group themselves into two generaltypes: those wherein the material is fed through the machine with anintermittent step-by-step vmovement and those wherein the material isfed continuously. The present embodiment of our invention is shownapplied to a machine of this class wherein longitudinally fed materialis moved continuously at a constant rate through the machine and isoperated upon by cutting or stamping dies acting approximately at rightangles to the direction of the material, thus rendering ad-...vantageous a corresponding longitudinal movement of these dies duringtheir operative action to prevent relative movement between the dies andthe material and the consequent smooching or untrue cutting or stampingthereof.

Various machines of this general type have been designed wherein thecutting or stamping means are arranged to be moved in the direction ofthe moving material durmg the cutting or stamping operation. UnitedStates Letters Patent No. 129,411 issued to William I-I. Hovey, July 16,1872, disclose a machine of this character used in the manufacture ofbricks from a strip or ribbon of plastic clay; and United States LettersPatent No. 865,461 issued to Paul S. Ward, assignor to the J. H. DayCo., of Cincinnati, Ohio, September 10, 1907 disclose a similar machineparticularly adapted to cut biscuits from a strip or sheet of dough. In

' both these machines t-he cutting or stamping means are adapted to bemoved in the direction of the moving plastic material during the cuttingoperation, the former through the use of cams whereby the cutting meansare horizontally oscillated, and the latter by means of a crank motionwhich effects a similar result. Both the cam movement and the crankmovement have disadvantages which are eliminated in the use of ourinvention. The crank movement disclosed in the Ward patent, for example,fails to produce a true unison of movement of the cutting or stampingdies with the movement of the constantly moving dough since a crankmotion necessarily produces a constantly varying resultant. Since thedough-carrying apron disclosed by Ward moves at a constant rate, whilehis crank mechanism oscillates the cutting means at a varying rate,there is lack of unison between the dough movement and that ofthecutters, rendering the Ward machine useful lonly in the production ofthose types of biscuits or crackers the manufacture of which does notrequire a real unison of movement between the cutter-head anddough-carrying apron.

Our invention, however, by departing both from the cam movement such asshown in Hovey and from the crank movement such as disclosed in Ward,produces a real and exact unison of movement between the cutting orstamping means of the machine and the constantly traveling sheet orstrip of plastic or semi-plastic material upon which said means operate,as shown in the illustrative machine herein shown.

For purposes of illustration we shall describe our invention as appliedto a machine particularly adapted for cutting or stamping biscuits froma sheet of dough, but its uses are obviously not limited merely thereto,and

have broader applica-tion as will be more specificallyv pointed out inthe appended claims. Y

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 1s a side elevation of a portion ofa biscuit machine equipped with the illustrative embodiment of ourinvention herein shown; Fig. 2 isla plan thereof; Fig. 8 is an endelevation; and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View illustrating the nature ofthe movement.

A usual endless apron for supporting and feeding a sheet of dough orother plastic material is shown by a broken line 1, the apron beingarranged as usual in machines of this type to convey the materialbeneath cutters and embossers 8 carried by any usual apparatus such asthe cross-heads mounted in the frame 5, shown adapted to oscillate abouta shaft 7 journaled in bearings in a frame 9 and having fast thereon agear 10 driven by a motor or other appropriatey means. rEhe cutter andembossed cross-heads may be vertically reciprocated by eccentrics orother connections unnecessary to be shown in detail.

Keyed upon the shaft 7 is a gear 11 arranged to mesh with and drive agear 15 which for the purposes of the present machine is shown to have adiameter equal to that of the gear 11, although the relative diametersof gears corresponding to the gears 11 and 15 obviously might diller tosuit speciic requirements. The gear 15, shown keyed upon a stud shaft 17journaled in a boss-bearing at the end of the arm 19 is thereby bodilymovable relative to the gear 11 and in this specific embodiment of ourinvention is adapted to be oscillated about Jthe shaft 7. Attached tothe gear 15 is the pin 25 which connects said gear through the element2]. integral with the stud shaft 2:2 which is journaled in aboss-bearing mounted in the end of the arm 23 similar to thegear-carrying arm 19 and similarly mounted on and adapted to oscillateabout the shaft 7.

Journaled on the pin 25 is one end of a link 3l the opposite end ofwhich is pivotally attached to one end of the intermediate link 33mounted at a point between its ends on a shaft 33a journaled in bearingson the frame 9. Aty the opposite ends of the intermediate link 33 is thejournal 88h where one end of the pitman 34 is pivotally attached theother end thereof being secured to the cutterframe 5.

.lf the axis of the driven gear 15 remained stationary, and the gearwere rotated at an unvarying speed rate a reciprocating movement ofvarying speed would be communicated tothe frame 5, similar to themovement of the cutter-head disclosed in the Ward patenthithertoreferred to. But we have shown keyed to the shaft 7 an eccentric ofwhich the strap 37, through the arm 38 is connected to the intermediaterocking lever 39 fast on a shaft Ll0 journaled in bearings on themachine frame 9. Arms 39L also fast on said shaft 40, are connected bylinks 41 to the bosses of the oscillating arms 19 and 23 carrying thedriven gear 15 and its connecting elements.

By the mechanism described the normal operation which would result fromthe unvarying rotation of the gear 15, were its shaft 17 stationary, isdestroyed and a composite movement is imparted to the cutterframe 5. Toillustrate this specific embodiment of our invention the eccentric 35 isset on its shaft 7 in a predetermined relation to the driving gear 11 sothat it advances the gear 15 bodily proportionately to thespeedreduction eect which the rotating gear, if centrally stationary,would produce on the reciprocating cutter, and compensating therefor,causes said cutter-head 5 to move at a uniform rate of speed over adesired portion of its path of movement. This is diagrammaticallyillustrated in Fig. 4t

wherein the orbit of the pin 25, the parts being arranged as shown,isseen to describe an irregular ellipse 43, the section a, o of which isa straight line. While the pin 25 is traversing the straight portion a,a of its orbit the cutter-frame 5 travels at uniform speed, in unisonwith the dough sheet being fed through the machine. During or in thisperiod, the cutters and embossers may be arranged to sink into and risefrom the plastic material, thus performing their Work at a time whenthere is no relative movement between them and the sheet of material eX-cept the desired vertical movement.

Having shown and described one illustrative embodiment of our inventionwhereby curvilinear motion .may be transformed to a movement oftranslation at a uniform rate of speed, and having shown this embodimentapplied to a biscuit machine to demonstrate some of the advantages ofour invention over crank and other movements when similarly applied,

We claim:

1. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a driving gear and adriven gear of equal diameter driven thereby, 'an eccentric, a rockinglever, and links Vconnecting said lever with. said eccentric and withsaid driven gear for oscillatingY the latter about the axis of thedriving gear.

2. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a driving gear, agear driven thereby, a reciprocatory element interconnected with saiddriven gear, and means including an eccentric for oscillating saiddriven gear about the aXis of said driving gear.

3. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a driving wheel, awheel driven thereby, a rectilinearly movable element connected withsaid driven wheel, and means for oscillating said driven wheel about the'6. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocableelement, and means for imparting a movement of translation thereto at auniform rate of speed comprising a rotary member and means forsimultaneously rotating said member about its axis and bodily movlng thesame to oscillate.

7. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element,and means for imparting thereto a movement at a uniform rate of speedincluding rotative means and means for simultaneously rotating andoscillating said rotative means.

8. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element andmeans for imparting thereto a movement of translation at a uniform rateof speed including a gear and means for imparting a composite movementto said gear.

9. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element,and means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate of speedincluding a gear having a pin mounted thereon and means for causing saidpin to move in an ellipse-like orbit.

10. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatoryelement, means -for imparting thereto a movement of translation at auniform rate of speed including a rotative element, means for rotatingsaid element and means for moving said element bodily to compensate forspeed variation eect of said rotating element.

11. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a shaft, a framefulcrumed thereon and means for reciprocating said frame including agear on said shaft, a gearcarrier adapted to oscillate on said shaft, agear on said carrier meshing with said first named gear and means tooscillate said carrier.

12. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatoryelement, and means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate ofspeed including a gear having a pin mounted thereon and means forcausing said pin to move a substantial distance in a substantiallystraight line.

13. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatoryelement and rotary actuating means therefor including axis shiftingmeans for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate of speed.

14. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a rectilinearlymovable element and means for imparting thereto a movement oftranslation at a uniform rate of speed including rotative driving meansand means for imparting a composite movement to said rotative means.

15. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable elementand means for imparting thereto a movement of translation at a uniformrate of speed including driving means adapted to describe curved pathand means interconnected therewith to affect the curvature of said path.

16. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocatingelement, and means for imparting thereto movement at a uniform rate ofspeed including a driving gear 11, a gear 15 driven thereby, aneccentric 35 and members 38, 39 and 41 connecting said eccentric withsaid gear 15.

17. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a reciprocableelement 3, means for actuating same including gears 11 and 15, aneccentric 35, an element 25 on said gear 15, members 38, 39 and 41connecting said eccentric with said gear 15, and means including members31, 33, 33b and 34 connecting said element 25 with said element 3.

18. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, adriving gear, a driven gear in mesh therewith, means for moving saiddriven gear relatively to said driving gear while said gears remain inmesh, and means interconnecting said movable element and said gearswhereby said element may be moved in one direction at a uniform rate ofspeed and in another direction at a different speed.

19. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, adriving gear, a gear driven thereby, an arm connecting said movableelement with said last named gear, and means intermediate said gearswhereby their relative operation may be altered.

20. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, amotiontransmitting gear, an arm connection between said movable elementand said transmitting gear, a driving gear arranged to drive saidtransmitting gear, and means for oscillating said transmitting gearabout the periphery of said driving gear.

21. A mechanical movement comprising in combination a movable element, agear, an arm connection between said element and said gear, a drivinggear arranged vto drive said first named gear, and means vfor moving oneof said gears relatively -to the other vWhile said gears `arefinoperation to vary the driving elfiect of the one relatively to theother.

22. A mechanical movement comprising, in combination, `driving anddri-ven gears, the latter capable of bodily oscillation, an .elementrotatingr with the driving gear, a inediallyT fulcrumed rocker, andlinks connecting opposite arms of said rocker with said element anddriven gear.

23. A mechanical movement comprising, in combination, driving and drivengears,

. the latter having a movable axis, a recipro* .eatery .element operatedfrom a point on :said driven gear, and means moving :the ail-gigs ofsaid driven gear t0 cause Said point to travel in an orbit having ,asubstantially straight position.

24. A mechanical movement comprising, in combination, driving anddrveugears, a reciprocatory element operated `from `a -point 0n thelatter, and means oscillating' vSai-iol driven gear to impart la uniform,ra-te ,of speed- -to said element. Y

In testimony whereof, we ,have signed our names to this `fspeciication.

THOMAS L. GREEN. CHARLES W-ILLIAMS.

Copie@ of this; patent may vhe obtained forvnve nente each, by .addreein`the emmlaionerrer retentir,

Wehmtea, .n c.

